ABSTRACT
Any developing country requires cheap power supply which is not easily available. An efficient and cheap power infrastructure needs to be developed to overcome this problem. When the cheap power supply is available, the consumption levels are bound to increase. The higher consumption levels will lead to greater environmental effects. ‘Prevention is better than cure’ makes it a perfect case for adopting sustainable technologies while building new infrastructures .
continuous power supply is desired for stimulating industrial and entrepreneurial activities. The wind power, and solar power cannot provide continuous power. Hydropower is dependent on the availability of natural resource like river. Hence in this paper, power generation from Municipal Solid Waste is considered.
INTRODUCTION
India 7th largest country in the world in terms of size and 2nd largest in terms of population (more than 1 billion) 2, has ample scope to carve its path towards development in sustainable way. The increasingly new affluent middle class in India is raising the material and energy consumptions to higher levels. It is important that the waste generated through these consumption patterns should be handled in such a way that their environmental impacts are minimized.
The wind power and solar power cannot provide continuous power. The economic activities in developing countries can be accelerated if continuous power supply is available and this can be achieved only by generation of electricity from the other available resources like solid waste.
MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE
The term municipal solid waste describes the stream of solid waste generated by household and apartments, commercial establishments, industries and institution .MSW consist of every day items such as product packaging , grass clippings , furniture , clothing, bottles, food scraps, newspapers, appliances, paint and batteries.
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
Solid waste management may be defined as the application of techniques that will ensure the orderly execution of the function of collection , processing and disposal of solid waste.
Solid waste management process is divided into following steps :
Collection : gathering of solid waste from various places .
Processing and recovery : activity applied to solid waste to prepare it for subsequent operation .
Disposal : placing of solid waste in its ultimate resting places .
Processing improves the efficiency of solid waste disposal and prepares solid waste.
For subsequent recovery of materials and energy .Some of the materials in solid waste can also be recovered and recycled for the manufacture of new products. Electricity can also be recovered from solid waste.
In this paper we are going to discuss about the production of Electrical energy from municipal solid waste .
GENERATION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY FROM MSW
Municipal solid waste has a heating value from 9300 to12800 kJ/kg. It is possible to recover this energy by using MSW to fire boilers in order to produce steam that can be used to drive a steam turbine . The turbine then turns a generator producing electricity.
PROPOSED PROJECTS AT AMALPURAM
The complete procedure of the waste management and energy generation of a small city ‘Amalpuram’, in southeast part of India i.e Andhra Pradesh is considered as a case study. In India , like many other developing countries, the waste generated by material consumption is increasing. Proper disposal of this waste is an important issue. It is interesting to explore the possibilities of generating energy from waste.
Conclusion
The solid waste management utilizing the energy potential of solid waste is considered in the paper . Although the solid waste and the biogas produced is low, the energy potential inherent in the solid waste is tried to be utilized.
The proper waste collection and separation system coupled with energy recovery will help reduce the environmental impacts and energy loss inherent in the current system(landfill). The power generation also is expected to drive the Nation to prosperity.
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