HISTORY
The history of the automated highway system goes back to a working model that was displayed at the 1939 World Fair's General Motors Pavillion. During the 1950s and 1960s, researchers at General Motors refined driverless vehicles, including robotic trucks. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Robert Fenton of Ohio State University demonstrated driverless cars on a test track. Although the test was successful, the early results were crude and hardly workable.
By the late 1980s, advances in microprocessors, wireless communications and other electronic sensors prompted a renewed interest in the automated highway, leading to the formation of the Intelligent Transportation Society of America in 1988, whose goal was to foster the introduction of automated highways. In 1991, Congress called for a prototype system and the National Automated Highway System Consortium (NAHSC) was formed. The NAHSC is a public-private partnership composed of approximately 1,000 members representing federal government agencies, vehicle industry, state/local government agencies, highway design industry, vehicle electronics industry, environmental interest groups, trucking operators, transit operators, transportation users, and the insurance industry.
INTRODUCTION
The AHS program is a broad international effort “to provide the basis for, and transition to, the next major performance upgrade of the vehicle/highway system through the use of automated vehicle control technology.”
The term “fully automated intelligent vehicle-highway system” is interpreted to mean a system that:
1. Evolves from today’s roads.
2. Fully automated
3. Operate in both urban and rural areas on highways
A five-layered architecture consisting of a network, link, planning, regulation and physical layers is proposed in for the development of AHS
Network : Control entering traffic and route traffic flow
within AHS network.
Link : Compute and broadcast activity plans.
Planning : Communicate and coordinate with peers and select one maneuver to be executed.
Regulation : Execute maneuvers such as join, split, lane change.Physical : Decouple lateral and longitudinal control.
Working of automated highway
With magnetometer sensors mounted in the front and rear bumpers,
vehicles are guided by a track of magnets planted in the pavement. The
magnets are about an inch in diameter and are embedded into the
pavement at the center of each lane. The magnets feed information
about the upcoming road, such as curves, merge lanes, or exits, to an
on-board computer for analysis. In a millisecond, the computer
determines the car's precise location in the lane and communicates to
the steering actuators which way to guide the car. To keep a safe speed
and traveling distance between vehicles, highly sensitive radar sensors
are used to locate the positions of other vehicles on the road. These
radar sensors communicate with the on-board computer, which then
controls the brakes and throttle to maintain the right speed and
distance. After exiting the Automated Highway, you'll take back control
of your vehicle on the surface roads.
CLICK BELOW LINKS TO GET IT......
Document 1
Document 2
0 Comments:
Post a Comment
Thanks to Ur Support