Reinforced
concrete, as a composite material, has occupied a special place in the
modern construction of different types of structures due to its several
advantages. Italian architect Ponti once remarked that concrete
liberated us from the rectangle. Due to its flexibility in form and
superiority in performance, it has replaced, to a large extent, the
earlier materials like stone, timber and steel. Further, architect's
scope and imaginations have widened to a great extent due to its
mouldability and monolithicity. Thus, it has helped the architects and
engineers to build several attractive shell forms and other curved
structures. However, its role in several straight line structural forms
like multistoried frames, bridges, foundations etc. is enormous.
The design of these modern reinforced concrete structures may appear to be highly complex. However, most of these structures are the assembly of several basic structural elements such as beams, columns, slabs, walls and foundations (Anim. 1.1.1). Accordingly, the designer has to learn the design of these basic reinforced concrete elements. The joints and connections are then carefully developed.
Design of reinforced concrete structures started in the beginning of last century following purely empirical approach. Thereafter came the so called rigorous elastic theory where the levels of stresses in concrete and steel are limited so that stress-deformations are taken to be linear. However, the limit state method, though semi-empirical approach, has been found to be the best for the design of reinforced concrete structures.
The design of these modern reinforced concrete structures may appear to be highly complex. However, most of these structures are the assembly of several basic structural elements such as beams, columns, slabs, walls and foundations (Anim. 1.1.1). Accordingly, the designer has to learn the design of these basic reinforced concrete elements. The joints and connections are then carefully developed.
Design of reinforced concrete structures started in the beginning of last century following purely empirical approach. Thereafter came the so called rigorous elastic theory where the levels of stresses in concrete and steel are limited so that stress-deformations are taken to be linear. However, the limit state method, though semi-empirical approach, has been found to be the best for the design of reinforced concrete structures.
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